How long should coffee grounds be steeped for optimal flavor?

Steeping coffee grounds for 4 to 5 minutes is considered optimal for extracting a balanced flavor from the coffee. This time frame allows for sufficient extraction of the coffee's soluble compounds, including both the desirable flavors and aromas, while minimizing the extraction of bitter compounds that can occur with longer steeping times.

During the initial minutes of steeping, water interacts with the coffee grounds, extracting acids and sugars that contribute to the positive flavor attributes. As steeping continues beyond this optimal range, the risk of over-extraction increases, leading to a taste that can become overly bitter or astringent. Thus, 4 to 5 minutes strikes the right balance to ensure a flavorful cup without compromising quality.